Based on the number of scientific publications and WIPO PCT international patent applications, between 2012 and 2016, the 10 hotspots with the most inventive activity and scientific publishing are the following:
1st Tokyo-Yokohama, Japan, 2nd Shenzhen–Hong Kong, China, 3rd Seoul, Republic of Korea, 4th San Jose–San Francisco, United States of America, 5th Beijing, China, 6th Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto, Japan, 7th Boston–Cambridge, United States of America, 8th New York, United States of America, 9th Paris, France and 10th San Diego, United States of America.
